Measuring development

Measuring development

Poverty trap/poverty cycles	Relative poverty comparitive level of poverty Comletely relative-50% 60% Absolute poverty- The necessities for survival 1.25$ a day-set by the world bank- extreme poverty 2$-moderatly poverty Cyclical trap of poverty A poverty trap
Single indicators	Solitary measures that may be used to assess development Finanacial measures- GDP per capita and GNI are often used to assess growth and development FDI has increased dramatically in the last 10 years Workers remitnesses- money sent back by workers abroad- signigficant for developing countries Purchasing power parity Things cost less in different coutnries for example bread in vienna and in nigeria Big mac index- comparing prices of big macs around the world HEalth measures-Life expectncy Average number of years a person is expected to live in a coutnry Factors- good level of healthcare, health secrvicesm, provision of clean water etc. Infant mortality rates- number of deaths of babys under the age of one- greatly effected by healthcare Education Measures-adult literacy rate Measure of the proportion of adults over 15 who are literate- can read and write a short statemennt about their life Heavily influenced by amount of wealth in a country Net enrollment in primary education- measure of the ratio of children enrolled in primary school oft the primary shcool age
Composite indicators	Human developemtn index- number between 0-1 of the standard of living in a ciountry based on health, education and gdp How can HDI information be used Used in stead of GDP as it shows development more than GDP which only shows wealth
Other indicators of development	Is the HDI suffecient as the only guide to a country's development Can mask inequalities The gender related develpment index- Tries to break it down into different groups such as inequalities between men and women GDI- addjusted for enqualities between men and women
The Gender empowerment measure	GEM- looks at numbers figures abouyt women in leadership managerial, and parlimentary positions Between 0-1
Human poverty index HPI	Level of deprivation and poeverty experienced in a country Shows things such as equality
The genuine progress indicator	Genuibne progress indicator Attepts to measure a country's growth has actually led to an increase in welfare of its people Includes- environmental costs Social costs Commuting costs Cost of automoble accidents